The purpose of this study was to explore the self-management factors of outstanding track and field long-distance athletes. For this purpose, an open-ended questionnaire was administered to 80 long-distance athletes who were registered with the Korean Athletics Federation in 2023. An inductive content analysis was conducted and interview guidelines were developed through an expert meeting. Based on this, in-depth interviews were conducted with four men and four women who participated in the marathon at the ○○ Olympic Games and ○○ Asian Games. The specific results are as follows. First, the pre-competition self-management factors of outstanding track and field long-distance athletes were categorized into physical management, training management, life management, mental management, and life management. Second, the pre-competition elf-management factors of outstanding track and field long-distance athletes were categorized into physical, training, mental, interpersonal, and life management. Third, the self-management factors of outstanding track and field long-distance athletes on the day of competition were categorized into physical management, training management, and mental management. Therefore, it is expected that the exploration of self-management factors of outstanding track and field long-distance athletes can recognize the importance of self-management and provide specific self-management strategies and methods.