The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the effects of the perceived emotional labor of primary school physical education teachers and sports instructors on their occupational identity and the moderating effects according to employment types. This study sampled 364 teachers and sports instructors of primary schools in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Gangwon-do with the convenience sampling method. The data were verified by descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation model analysis using SPSS & AMOS 18.0 Version Statistical Program for Windows after being input into the computer (coding). The following conclusions were obtained through the above research methods and procedures. First, the effects of perceived emotional labor of primary physical education teachers and sports instructors on their occupational identity were found to be significant. Second, as a result of examining the moderating effects according to employment types, it was found that the physical education teachers had a relatively low influence while the sports instructors had a high influence suggesting a higher responsibility for their job. Therefore, sports instructors are active in performing their roles through their professionalism, and have a sense of professional accomplishment and a sense of educational pride. And the role of the field is important for the activation of school physical education, and there is a desperate need for professional physical education instructors.